Česko-slovenská pediatrie, 2024 (vol. 79), issue 2
Vitamin D in enteral and parenteral nutrition
Eva Karásková, Marie Rohanová
Čes-slov Pediat 2024, 79(2):73-76 | DOI: 10.55095/CSPediatrie2024/013 
Vitamin D is an important steroid hormone precursor with an effect on bone metabolism, immune processes and other organ systems. Patients receiving enteral or parenteral nutrition are at risk of developing vitamin D deficiency. The article provides an analysis of group of patients at risk of vitamin D deficiency form the point of view of a nutritionists and present available recommendations for monitoring and supplementation of vitamin D in patients on nutritional support.
Vitamin D and immunity
Vendula Látalová, František Kopřiva, Denis Dvořák, Eva Karásková
Čes-slov Pediat 2024, 79(2):77-80 | DOI: 10.55095/CSPediatrie2024/016
Vitamin D is associated primarily with calcium-phosphate metabolism. However, in recent years we have many studies demontrating its significant immunoregulatory effect, both on innate and adaptive immunity. Vitamin D is important in protection against pathogenic microorganisms and in maintaining immunotolerance, and its deficiency is assumed to be associated with infections, autoimmune or cancer d iseases.
The role of vitamin D in children with chronic kidney disease
Ludmila Zatloukalová, Hana Flögelová
Čes-slov Pediat 2024, 79(2):81-84 | DOI: 10.55095/CSPediatrie2024/010
Vitamin D in children with inflammatory bowel disease
Miloš Geryk, Eva Karásková
Čes-slov Pediat 2024, 79(2):85-88 | DOI: 10.55095/CSPediatrie2024/011
The relationship between inflammatory bowel disease and vitamin D is intensively studied, not only in connection with bone metabolism, but also in relation to immunopathological response in the gastrointestinal tract, intestinal microbiota and therapy of underlying disease. Although it is clear that these patients suffer from vitamin D deficiency, it is not yet fully understood, whether vitamin D replacement leads to an improvement in the clinical condition or prognosis of these patients.
Vitamin/hormone D in pediatric rheumatology - minireview and summary for clinical practice
Kateřina Bouchalová, Tereza Flögelová, Zuzana Pytelová
Čes-slov Pediat 2024, 79(2):89-92 | DOI: 10.55095/CSPediatrie2024/012
Vitamin/hormone D plays an important role in pediatric rheumatology. Besides its antiinfectious effects, antiinflammatory function is currently studied. Randomised double-blind placebo-controlled study in adolescents with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) revealed, that vitamin D supplementation led to decrease in disease activity and to reduction of fatigue. In nonsystemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), vitamin D is a biomarker, which in combination with other clinical and laboratory markers plays a role in prediction of outcome (inactive disease). Study on periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis, and cervical adenitis syndrome (PFAPA)...
Pathophysiology in paediatrics: What laboratory parameters are suitable for nutrition status assessment?
Klára Bernášková, Jan David
Čes-slov Pediat 2024, 79(2):93-97 | DOI: 10.55095/CSPediatrie2024/014
Nutrition significantly affects the health of an individual because it influences the biochemical and energy processes in the body. Children are significantly more susceptible to the effects of nutritional disorders than adults. The assessment of a patient's nutritional status is based on anamnestic data and the results of physical, laboratory, functional and imaging tests. The evaluation and interpre tation of laboratory findings is often difficult, but on the other hand is central to the estimation of nutritional balance. Therefore, the present article focuses on the interpretation of the most commonly used nutritional laboratory parameters and highlights...
Impact of celiac disease on adolescent's quality of life
Jana Michalková, Lucia Dimunová, Pavol Mikula, Miriam Mati
Čes-slov Pediat 2024, 79(2):98-101 | DOI: 10.55095/CSPediatrie2023/048
Background: The impact of a chronic disease on the health of an individual is reflected by the different aspects of quality of life. The aim of this paper is to assess the impact of celiac disease in adolescents on their quality of life in four subscales: dysphoria, limitations, health concerns, and undertreatment due to gender differences. Methodology: Data collection took place from 04/2019 to 05/2020 in adolescents aged 15-18 years attending gastroenterology outpatient clinics in DFN Košice. A total of 33 patients (16 boys, 17 girls) completed the standardized questionnaire for patients with celiac disease - CD-QOL. The mean age of the adolescents...
Bartter syndrome in children: a series of eight cases from the Czech Republic and Slovakia
Daniel Csomó, Jan Papež, Zdeněk Doležel, Martin Dluholucký, Eva Sládková, Ľudmila Podracká
Čes-slov Pediat 2024, 79(2):102-107 | DOI: 10.55095/CSPediatrie2024/015
Bartter syndrome includes a group of rare genetically determined tubulopathies accompanied by increased urinary salt losses. The pathogenetic basis is a disorder of transport systems responsible for the reabsorption of salts, primarily in the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle. The basic characteristics of Bartter syndrome include hypokalemic, hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis and secondary (hyperreninemic) hyperaldosteronism with normal or low systemic blood pressure. Clinical manifestations vary depending on the affected gene, with five different gene-specific phenotypes of the disease being recognized. In the article, we present a group of...
Cardiovascular and metabolic complications of childhood obesity
Jana Křenek Malíková, Jana Čepová, Tereza Doušová, Marianna Durilová, Patrik Konopásek, Zdeněk Šumník, Jan Lebl
Čes-slov Pediat 2024, 79(2):108-114 | DOI: 10.55095/CSPediatrie2024/007
Obesity is a very serious chronic disease with accumulation of body fat. Structural and cellular changes in adipose tissue in obese individuals affect its secretory and metabolic activity with the production of several adipokines, lipokines or other factors leading to a mild chronic inflammatory response, impaired glucose and lipid metabolism. Obesity is thus associated with comorbidities such as hypertension, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, hepatic steatosis, hyperuricemia, obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome and increased cancer risk. Musculoskeletal and psychosocial complications also play a very important role. As the prevalence of obesity increases,...