Čes-slov Pediat 2023, 78(6):303-307 | DOI: 10.55095/CSPediatrie2023/033

Has prenatal ultrasound diagnosis of congenital kidney anomalies improved?

Hana Flögelová^{1, 2}, Soňa Šuláková³, Jan Šarapatka⁴, Jakub Čivrný⁵, Jana Laubová⁶

¹ Lékařská fakulta, Univerzita Palackého v Olomouci

² Dětská klinika, Fakultní nemocnice Olomouc

³ Novorozenecké oddělení, Fakultní nemocnice Olomouc

⁴ Urologická klinika, Fakultní nemocnice Olomouc

⁵ Radiologická klinika, Fakultní nemocnice Olomouc

⁶ Nefrologická ambulance, Dětská klinika, Masarykova nemocnice, Ústí nad Labem

Objective: To assess advances in detecting severe kidney anomalies by prenatal ultrasound (US) screening over the last 13 years.

Methods: The study compared two groups of children born in the University Hospital Olomouc in 2005-2008 (Group A) and in 2018-2020 (Group B) who had severe congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) requiring surgery by two years of age. Statistical analysis was performed using Fisher's exact test.

Results: Both groups showed a similar range of severe CAKUT requiring surgery: ureteropelvic junction obstruction, obstructed or refluxing megaureter, posterior urethral valves, and duplicated collecting system associated with reflux or obstruction. Group A comprised 16 surgically treated children, of whom seven (44%) had negative prenatal US

findings. Group B consisted of 15 surgically treated children, with only one (7%) having a negative prenatal US scan. The difference was statistically significant (p=0.037).

Conclusion: Results from the Olomouc region suggest that the detection of most severe CAKUT by prenatal US has considerably improved over the last 13 years.

Key words: CAKUT, ultrasound, prenatal screening, postnatal screening

Keywords: vrozené vady ledvin, ultrazvuk, prenatální screening, postnatální screening

Received: April 2, 2023; Revised: May 29, 2023; Accepted: June 2, 2023; Published: December 11, 2023  Show citation