JOURNAL OF THE CZECH PEDIATRIC SOCIETY AND THE SLOVAK PEDIATRIC SOCIETY

Čes-slov Pediat 2024, 79(4):187-190 | DOI: 10.55095/CSPediatrie2024/033

The role of dietary interventions in the prevention and management of type 1 diabetes

Vít Neuman, Lukáš Plachý, Štěpánka Průhová, Zdeněk Šumník
Pediatrická klinika, 2. lékařská fakulta, Univerzita Karlova a Fakultní nemocnice v Motole, Praha

Nutrition and type 1 diabetes (T1D) have been closely linked even before the discovery of insulin where the dietary interventions have been part of the effort to prevent or slow the progression of the disease. Additionally, alternative dietary approaches are sought as an adjuvant therapy to insulin use. The focus is given to these dietary approaches - infant formula, gluten and its exclusion

, vitamin D, omega-3 fatty acids and limiting of the carbohydrate intake. The aim of this review is to summarize the scientific knowledge regarding dietary interventions in different stages of T1D.

Keywords: type 1 diabetes, dietary interventions, gluten-free diet, vitamin D, omega-3 fatty acids, low carbohydrate diet

Accepted: May 31, 2024; Published: August 1, 2024  Show citation

ACS AIP APA ASA Harvard Chicago Chicago Notes IEEE ISO690 MLA NLM Turabian Vancouver
Neuman V, Plachý L, Průhová Š, Šumník Z. The role of dietary interventions in the prevention and management of type 1 diabetes. Ces-slov Pediat. 2024;79(4):187-190. doi: 10.55095/CSPediatrie2024/033.
Download citation

References

  1. Antvorskov JC, Josefsen K, Engkilde K, et al. Dietary gluten and the development of type 1 diabetes. Diabetologia 2014; 57: 1770-1780. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  2. Ziegler AG, Rewers M, Simell O, et al. Seroconversion to multiple islet autoantibodies and risk of progression to diabetes in children. JAMA 2013; 309: 2473-2479. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  3. Krischer JP, Liu X, Vehik K, et al. Predicting islet cell autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes: an 8-year TEDDY study progress report. Diabetes Care 2019; 42: 1051-1060. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  4. Lund-Blix NA, Dydensborg Sander S, Stordal K, et al. Infant feeding and risk of type 1 diabetes in two large Scandinavian birth cohorts. Diabetes Care 2017; 40: 920-927. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  5. Hakola L, Takkinen HM, Niinisto S, et al. Infant Feeding in relation to the risk of advanced islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes in children with increased genetic susceptibility: a cohort study. Am J Epidemiol 2018; 187: 34-44. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  6. Writing Group for the TSG, Knip M, Akerblom HK, Al Taji E, et al. Effect of hydrolyzed infant formula vs conventional formula on risk of type 1 diabetes: the TRIGR randomized clinical trial. JAMA 2018; 319: 38-48. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  7. Ziegler AG, Schmid S, Huber D, et al. Early infant feeding and risk of developing type 1 diabetes-associated autoantibodies. JAMA 2003; 290: 1721-1728. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  8. Uusitalo U, Lee HS, Andren Aronsson C, et al. Early infant diet and islet autoimmunity in the TEDDY study. Diabetes Care 2018; 41: 522-530. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  9. Makinen M, Mykkanen J, Koskinen M, et al. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations in children progressing to autoimmunity and clinical type 1 diabetes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2016; 101: 723-729. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  10. Norris JM, Yin X, Lamb MM, et al. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid intake and islet autoimmunity in children at increased risk for type 1 diabetes. JAMA 2007; 298: 1420-1428. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  11. Pastore MR, Bazzigaluppi E, Belloni C, et al. Six months of gluten-free diet do not influence autoantibody titers, but improve insulin secretion in subjects at high risk for type 1 diabetes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2003; 88: 162-165. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  12. Fuchtenbusch M, Ziegler AG, Hummel M. Elimination of dietary gluten and development of type 1 diabetes in high risk subjects. Rev Diabet Stud 2004; 1: 39-41. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  13. Sorensen IM, Joner G, Jenum PA, et al. Serum long chain n-3 fatty acids (EPA and DHA) in the pregnant mother are independent of risk of type 1 diabetes in the offspring. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2012; 28: 431-438. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  14. Miller MR, Yin X, Seifert J, et al. Erythrocyte membrane omega-3 fatty acid levels and omega-3 fatty acid intake are not associated with conversion to type 1 diabetes in children with islet autoimmunity: the Diabetes Autoimmunity Study in the Young (DAISY). Pediatr Diabetes 2011; 12: 669-675. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  15. Lamb MM, Frederiksen B, Seifert JA, et al. Sugar intake is associated with progression from islet autoimmunity to type 1 diabetes: the Diabetes Autoimmunity Study in the Young. Diabetologia 2015; 58: 2027-2034. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  16. Svensson J, Sildorf SM, Pipper CB, et al. Potential beneficial effects of a gluten-free diet in newly diagnosed children with type 1 diabetes: a pilot study. Springerplus 2016; 5: 994. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  17. Neuman V, Pruhova S, Kulich M, et al. Gluten-free diet in children with recent-onset type 1 diabetes: A 12-month intervention trial. Diabetes Obes Metab 2020; 22: 866-872. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  18. Gabbay MA, Sato MN, Finazzo C, et al. Effect of cholecalciferol as adjunctive therapy with insulin on protective immunologic profile and decline of residual beta-cell function in new-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2012; 166: 601-607. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  19. Walter M, Kaupper T, Adler K, et al. No effect of the 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 on beta-cell residual function and insulin requirement in adults with new-onset type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care 2010; 33: 1443-1448. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  20. Bizzarri C, Pitocco D, Napoli N, et al. No protective effect of calcitriol on beta-cell function in recent-onset type 1 diabetes: the IMDIAB XIII trial. Diabetes Care 2010; 33: 1962-1963. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  21. Cadario F, Pozzi E, Rizzollo S, et al. Vitamin D and omega-3 supplementations in mediterranean diet during the 1st year of overt type 1 diabetes: a cohort study. Nutrients 2019; 11. Go to original source...
  22. Mayer-Davis EJ, Dabelea D, Crandell JL, et al. Nutritional factors and preservation of C-peptide in youth with recently diagnosed type 1 diabetes: SEARCH Nutrition Ancillary Study. Diabetes Care 2013; 36: 1842-1850. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  23. Kaur P, Agarwala A, Makharia G, et al. Effect of gluten-free diet on metabolic control and anthropometric parameters in type 1 diabetes with subclinical celiac disease: a randomized controlled trial. Endocr Pract 2020; 26: 660-667. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  24. Hafez M, Hassan M, Musa N, et al. Vitamin D status in Egyptian children with type 1 diabetes and the role of vitamin D replacement in glycemic control. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2017; 30: 389-394. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  25. Shih EM, Mittelman S, Pitukcheewanont P, et al. Effects of vitamin D repletion on glycemic control and inflammatory cytokines in adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Pediatr Diabetes 2016; 17: 36-43. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  26. Elbarbary NS, Ismail EAR, Mohamed SA. Omega-3 fatty acids supplementation improves early-stage diabetic nephropathy and subclinical atherosclerosis in pediatric patients with type 1 diabetes: A randomized controlled trial. Clin Nutr 2023; 42: 2372-2380. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  27. O'Mahoney LL, Dunseath G, Churm R, et al. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation versus placebo on vascular health, glycaemic control, and metabolic parameters in people with type 1 diabetes: a randomised controlled preliminary trial. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2020; 19: 127. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  28. Neuman V, Plachy L, Pruhova S, et al. Low-carbohydrate diet among children with type 1 diabetes: a multi-center study. Nutrients 2021; 13. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  29. Seckold R, Fisher E, de Bock M, et al. The ups and downs of low-carbohydrate diets in the management of type 1 diabetes: a review of clinical outcomes. Diabet Med 2019; 36: 326-334. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  30. Ranjan A, Schmidt S, Damm-Frydenberg C, et al. Short-term effects of a low carbohydrate diet on glycaemic variables and cardiovascular risk markers in patients with type 1 diabetes: A randomized open-label crossover trial. Diabetes Obes Metab 2017; 19: 1479-1484. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  31. Krebs JD, Parry Strong A, Cresswell P, et al. A randomised trial of the feasibility of a low carbohydrate diet vs standard carbohydrate counting in adults with type 1 diabetes taking body weight into account. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr 2016; 25: 78-84.
  32. de Bock M, Lobley K, Anderson D, et al. Endocrine and metabolic consequences due to restrictive carbohydrate diets in children with type 1 diabetes: An illustrative case series. Pediatr Diabetes 2018; 19: 129-137. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0), which permits use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original publication is properly cited. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.